Mnzake adatchula momwe mungagawire ma vlans, koma kwenikweni, kugawa ma vlans ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapaintaneti. Maukonde ambiri amafuna vlan partition. Lero, tiyeni tiphunzire pamodzi za mbali imeneyi.
Tanthauzo la VLAN:
VLAN ndiye chidule cha Virtual Local Area Network mu Chingerezi, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Virtual Local Area Network. Ndiukadaulo womwe umazindikira magulu ogwirira ntchito pogawa zida mkati mwa netiweki yapafupi kukhala magawo amtaneti m'malo mozigawa. Kuti mugawane ma VLAN, muyenera kugula zida zama network zomwe zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito a VLAN.
Cholinga cha kugawa VLANs:
VLAN ikufuna kuthana ndi nkhani zowulutsa ndi chitetezo cha Efaneti, ndipo kuwulutsa ndi kuwulutsa magalimoto mkati mwa VLAN imodzi sikutumizidwa ku ma VLAN ena. Ngakhale makompyuta awiri omwe ali mu gawo limodzi la netiweki sali mu VLAN imodzi, mitsinje yawo yowulutsa sidzatumizidwa kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Kugawa ma VLAN kumathandizira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kuchepetsa ndalama zamakina, kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka netiweki, ndikuwongolera chitetezo pamaneti. Chifukwa cha ma VLAN olekanitsa mphepo yamkuntho yowulutsa komanso kulumikizana pakati pa ma VLAN osiyanasiyana, kulumikizana pakati pa ma VLAN osiyanasiyana kuyenera kudalira ma rauta kapena masiwichi atatu osanjikiza.
Njira yogawanitsa VLAN:
Pali njira zinayi zogawa ma VLAN, iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake. Mukamagawa ma VLAN mu maukonde, ndikofunikira kusankha njira yoyenera yogawanitsa potengera momwe intaneti ilili.
1. VLAN yochokera pagawo la doko: Opanga maukonde ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma switch kuti agawane mamembala a VLAN. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, kugawa kwa VLAN kumatanthawuza kufotokozera madoko ena a switch ngati VLAN.
Kugawa kwa VLAN kutengera madoko ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakugawa kwa VLAN. Ubwino wogawa ma VLAN potengera madoko ndi osavuta komanso omveka bwino, komanso kasamalidwe ndi kothandiza kwambiri. Choyipa chake ndikuti kukonza ndizovuta.
2. Gawo la VLAN kutengera adilesi ya MAC: Khadi lililonse la netiweki lili ndi adilesi yapadera padziko lonse lapansi, yomwe ndi adilesi ya MAC. Kutengera adilesi ya MAC ya khadi ya netiweki, makompyuta angapo amatha kugawidwa kukhala VLAN yomweyo.
Ubwino waukulu wa njirayi ndikuti pamene malo akuthupi a wogwiritsa ntchito akuyenda, ndiko kuti, pamene akusintha kuchoka ku kusintha kwina kupita kumtundu wina, VLAN sichiyenera kukonzedwanso; Choyipa ndichakuti poyambitsa VLAN, ogwiritsa ntchito onse ayenera kuyikonza, ndipo zolemetsa za ogwiritsa ntchito ndizolemetsa.
3. Gawani ma VLAN kutengera netiweki wosanjikiza: Njira imeneyi kugawa VLANs zachokera maukonde wosanjikiza adiresi kapena protocol mtundu wa khamu aliyense, osati routing. Zindikirani: Njira yogawanitsa ya VLAN iyi ndiyoyenera ma netiweki am'dera lalikulu ndipo safuna maukonde amdera lanu.
4. Gulu la VLAN kutengera IP multicast: IP multicast kwenikweni tanthauzo la VLAN, kutanthauza kuti gulu multicast ndi VLAN. Njira yogawanitsa iyi imakulitsa ma VLAN kumanetiweki ambiri ndipo siyoyenera ma network amderalo, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi sikunafike pamlingo waukulu chotere.
Ndizodziwikiratu kuti matekinoloje onse a VLAN sali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde. Titamvetsa bwino ma VLAN, tiyenera kuweruza molondola ngati kugawa kwa VLAN ndikofunikira potengera malo athu amtaneti.
Sankhani yoyenera VLAN partitioning mode
Ambiri ogwira ntchito zaluso amangodziwa kuti kugawa kwa VLAN kumatha kusintha magwiridwe antchito a netiweki, koma sadziwa kuti kugawa kwa VLAN kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito amtaneti. Chifukwa cha madera osiyanasiyana a maukonde osiyanasiyana, njira yoyenera kwambiri yogawanitsa ya VLAN yogwiritsira ntchito ndiyosiyananso. Pansipa, tifotokoza momwe magawo amagawaniza a VLAN ndi oyenera kwa mabizinesi amabizinesi pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo.
Mwachitsanzo, mu network yamakampani, pali makompyuta a kasitomala 43, pomwe 35 ndi makompyuta apakompyuta ndipo 8 ndi laputopu. Magalimoto a pa netiweki siakulu kwambiri. Chifukwa cha data tcheru mu dipatimenti ya zachuma kuti antchito wamba safuna kuona, pofuna kukonza chitetezo cha maukonde, kasamalidwe maukonde aganiza kugawa maukonde mu VLANs kudzipatula kulankhulana pakati ogwira ntchito wamba ndi ma PC antchito dipatimenti zachuma.
Zofunikira pakufunsira: Kuchokera kufotokozedwa pamwambapa, zikuwoneka kuti bizinesiyo imagawaniza ma VLAN kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo, pomwe kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito sicholinga chachikulu. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa makasitomala mubizinesi, ma laputopu ali ndi kuyenda mwamphamvu. Pantchito zatsiku ndi tsiku, oyang'anira nthawi zambiri amafunikira kusamutsa ma laputopu kupita kuzipinda zochitira misonkhano kuti akwaniritse zosowa za mafoni. Pankhaniyi, njira yogawanitsa ya VLAN yotengera madoko siyenera kubizinesi, ndipo njira yabwino kwambiri yogawa VLAN imachokera ku ma adilesi a MAC.
Chifukwa chake kwa mabizinesi, njira yogawa bwino kwambiri ya VLAN imakhazikitsidwa pagawo la madoko ndi magawo a ma adilesi a MAC. Kwa maukonde amakampani omwe ali ndi makasitomala ochepa komanso kufunikira pafupipafupi kwa mafoni, kugawa ma VLAN kutengera ma adilesi a MAC ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yogawa. Kwa maukonde amakampani omwe ali ndi makasitomala ambiri komanso osafunikira ofesi yam'manja, ma VLAN amatha kugawidwa potengera madoko. Mwachidule, sankhani njira yoyenera yogawanitsa ya VLAN kutengera zofunikira pa intaneti.
Pomaliza:
Kugawa ma VLAN kumawoneka ngati mutu wanthawi zonse, koma m'machitidwe othandiza, ndi anthu ochepa omwe atha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino magawo a VLAN ngati chida chowongolera. Chofunika kwambiri, maukonde ena safuna kugawa kwa VLAN, koma chifukwa chake, ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo amagawa ma VLAN kwa iwo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulumikizana kwapaintaneti. Ndizochepa zomwe zimadziwika kuti kugawa bwino kwa VLAN kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa maukonde, osaganiziranso kugawa kwa VLAN ngati njira yabwino yochepetsera kuthamanga kwa intaneti.
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-29-2023